WPCl3  eQ,']-*|Y3 6;v™-7۝̢enBrìγ PʶR: 蘚qQ O11>2t݇K*~W\Xk9YQ|]g^6M0lsx/CoM ~l E-e{2SL!AiZbVIHx@#z-p&zhU \1=Ph+:I(uMRrxI,w!l;f79lG .'?(q$U,eVK 0 0 0c 0a 0x 0, 09 0 02 0' 0:# 0] 0_ 0 A 0kK 0 B*} D3 C D+ 0 0 06 0 0: 0hE 0F  0C! 0(! AM$"U6q"U>"U*"N# 05P# 1ua# 0d# 0x:$ 0$ 0>% 0% 0& 0Z' 16((E( Bc(,))*~+~+ 0PD,D,_,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, D3, B &- AC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C- B--------------- C . . . . C#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#.#. B*=.=. D3g. B7..... C. D3. D3/ BQ/ D3n/ B/ D3/ B/ D/0 D3=0 B*p0 D30 B*0 D30 B7*1 D3a1 B1 D51 D-1 C2 C-2 CG2 Ca2 C{2 C2 C2 C2222222222222222 BB2 BG%3\\LENCO\CCLASER.NDPS.LENAWEE,,,,0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($]b/;  D ! " # I$ % U& ' D( U2yFiles3|x( U0.Normal<:Definition T<GD:Definition L , ;1` hp x (#;  8.` hp x (#886Definition('z&H1      XXX(o&H2  XXX(o&H3  XXX(&H4 XXX XXX(o&H5  XXX(o&H6  XXX20Address8SP6Blockquote , , ;1` hp x (#;   8.` hp x (#8,*CITE,dl*CODEK/<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS0\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis6&)4Hyperlink            <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard K/<6X9`(Courier NewK XXXS0\  `&Times New RomanS<:Preformatted/%  ,Kk (#/K/<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS0\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk (#/<:zBottom of I!"4$ ** ddI  B    ?1%2A`Arial?9#"*  dd9  XXXS0\  `&Times New RomanS  &0 d d 'dxddd'dxd<:zTop of ForI!"4$** ddI  B    ?1%2A`Arial?9#"*  dd9  XXXS0\  `&Times New RomanS  0Kl.SampleK/<6X9`(Courier NewKS0\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK/<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS0\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable:8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB   Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(2C$ !  ($+,-#A<< c<6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial((i$23  0  3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)(<$0  23  0` (#(#(P4n$0  0` (#(#23  0 ` (#` (#(d$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#23  0 (# (#(x$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#23  0h(#(#(Ñ$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#23  0h(#h(#(d$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#23  0(#(#(7$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#23  0p(#(#356789:;xGaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets List _QuintupleE d d d d dLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5((3/Q$ !   d  U4v%@ d4!![[[['dxd d+,-#&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK  d dd&P d d'dxd3+0 d d ddgggg'dxd'dxdP Pd'dxd d'dxd d' dxd'dxd&p d Pd'dxd&p Pd d'dxd3+0 d d d'dxd d[[[[['dxd['dxdd(d2dThick Double Pd PdCTriple 1+| d d d !  _5X5XX OXXZPG dZPOLENAWEECOUNTYCIRCUITCOURTJURYSERVICE#O#ZPd+ZP XvXO X ZP}   WelcometojuryservicefortheLenaweeCountyCircuitCourtandFamilyCourt.Jurydutyisoneofthemostseriousdutiesthatmembersofafreesocietyareaskedtoperform.Oursystemof_selfgovernment_Ԁcouldnotexistwithoutit.Therighttoajurytrialisanancienttraditionandpartofourheritage. Throughyourservice,youensure @  thisrighttoallinthecommunity.ThankyouinadvanceforyourservicetoLenaweeCounty. !XXv  FFF   A>) xdE|X A#XvX! #      !XXvGENERALINFORMATION#XvX! # ;  How_Your_ԀNameWasSelected : c ZPYournamehasbeenrandomlyselectedforjuryservicebycomputer,frominformationprovidedbytheStateofMichiganDriversLicensesandIdentificationCards.ZP HowOftenYouMayServe : o ZPIfyouhavepreviouslyservedonjuryduty,youmaybeeligibletoserveagainafteroneyear.ZP _Term_ԀofService:  7 ZPIntheCircuitCourt,jurorsareoncallforaperiodoftwomonths.Youwill not berequiredtoreportevery # day.Unlessotherwisespecified,juryserviceisnormallyTuesdaythroughFriday,andajurorwilltypicallyreport4to5timesduringthetwomonthperiod.Ifyouareselectedtositandhearacase,youwillstillberequiredtocontinuereportingfortheremainingtwomonthperiod.ZPmZP ZPA FillingOuttheQuestionnaire : k ZPPleasefilloutbothsidesofthequestionnaireandreturnittotheLenaweeCountyClerkwithin10days.ZP ZPBylaw,youmustreturnthequestionnaireevenifyoudonotconsideryourselfeligibletoserve.ZP;  _Excusals_ : w!! ZPYoumaybeexcusedforvacationdaysorappointments.Pleaseindicatethosedatesonthebackofthequestionnaire.Youmayalsobeexcusedfromjuryserviceforoneofthefollowingcircumstances:L <356789:;x34L 3i   3i2 23  0    YouarenotaU.S.citizen.3i2 ] ݌&#&$$ Ќ  L <356789:;yx<356789:;L 3i   3iM 23  0    Youareafulltimestudent.3iM x ݌'$'$$ Ќ   3i   3i23  0    Youareinactivemilitaryservice.3iH݌'%($$ Ќ   3i   3i23  0    Youare70yearsofageorolderanddonotwishtoserve.3i݌(&)$$ Ќ   3i   3i23  0    YouarenotaresidentofLenaweeCounty.3i ݌)o'*$$ Ќ   3i   3i23  0    Youhaveservedasajurorwithinthepast12months.3i݌*[(+$$ Ќ   3i   3i23  0    Youhavebeenconvictedofafelony.3i݌+G),$$ Ќ   3i   3i23  0    Youhaveamentalorphysicalhealthconditionthatwouldpreventyoufromserving. (Awritten ,3*- statementfromyourphysicianisrequiredtobeexcused). 3i݌{-#+.$$ Ќ  ZP  ?0-1  WhentoReport : ZPԀZP; X ZPPleasereportonthedateandtimeasdirectedinyourletter,butbeforereporting,pleasecallthejurynumberafter5:00P.M.thenightbeforeyourscheduleddate,asthesedatesaresubjecttochange. Arecorded 4 messagewillinstructyouifyouneedtoappearonthatdateandtime.  $ ZPzJuryRecordingNumber: !XXvdZP5172644574dZP8Ԁ  ZPPleasecallafter5:00P.M.thenightbeforeeachscheduleddate.#XvX! # 8 ZP  WhatShouldYouWear : `  ZPYoumaydresscasually,butpleasedressappropriatelyforthecourtroom.Personswearingshorts,tanktopsorhaltertopswillnotbepermittedinthecourtroom.ZPi Checking_In_ :   ZPPleasecheckinwiththejuryclerkattheLawLibrarylocatedonthe2ndFlooroftheJudicialBuilding,425   NorthMainStreet,Adrian,Michigan.ZP Security : p ZPPleaseallowyourselfextratimetopassthroughasecuritymetaldetectorattheentranceoftheJudicialBuilding.Cellphones,electronicdevices,purses,bags,pocketknives,scissors,orweaponsofanytype,arenotpermitted.ZP| Parking:  h ZPParkingisfreeand,exceptforhandicapspaces,jurorsmayparkinanyareaadjacenttotheJudicialBuildingthatisdesignatedaspublicparking.ZP Compensation :  ZPJurorsarepaid$12.50forthefirsthalfday,and$25.00forthefirstfullday,plusmileage.Thereafter,jurorsarepaid$20.00perhalfday,and$40.00perfullday,plusmileage.Mileageispaidattherate.405centspermile,roundtrip.Checksareissuedatthecompletionofthejuryterm.ZP EmployerNotification : ` ZPIfyouremployerrequiresverificationofyourreportingdates,youmayreceiveaslipforyouremployereachtimeyoureport.Afterbeingexcusedbythejudgefortheday,pleaseseeaclerkintheOfficeoftheLenaweeCountyClerkonthe3rdfloortoreceiveaverificationletter. !(! ZP& FailuretoReport : X#!# ZPIfyoufailtoreportforjuryduty,orfailtofilloutandreturnthejuryquestionnaire,youwillreceiveawarningletterand/ortelephonecall,anditmayfurtherresultinanordertoshowcausebeingissuedagainstyouforcontemptofcourt.Ifanordertoshowcauseisissued,youwillberequiredtoappearatahearingbeforethejudgeinwhichyouwillhavetoexplainyourfailuretoappear.Personsfoundguiltyofcontemptofcourtmaybesubjecttocourtfinesand/orjailtime.Failuretoappearatanordertoshowcausehearingwillresultinabenchwarrantbeingissuedforyourarrest.ZP ForFurtherQuestionsorConcerns:  *d(+ ZPContacttheOfficeoftheLenaweeCountyClerkat5172644596.Thankyouforyourcourtesyandcooperation. D0-1 ЇA?>) ZPd EW AZP!ZP X ZPl"    XXvZPԀINFORMATIONHANDBOOKFORTRIALJURORSZP"#XvX  "#   "A?>) ZPdE A   p    x    (      0    7 Youhavebeenselectedaccordingtolaw,toactasanofficerofthiscourtbyservingasajuror.Thisinformationistoaidyouinperformingthisimportantduty.Youareurgedtoreaditwithgreatcare.   p    x    (   Respectfully,   p    x    (   Hon.TimothyP._Pickard_   p    x    (   ChiefCircuitJudge,39thCircuit  2     p    x    (   Hon.MargaretM.S._Noe_   p    x    (   CircuitJudge   p    x    (   Hon.GreggP._Iddings_   p    x    (   FamilyCourtJudge( ( ' '    p    x    !XXvFFF#XvX! /)# ~ ZP$ $ ZP)$ Indeedthereisasenseinwhichitmaybesaidthatthewholeefficacyandrealityofconstitutional  governmentresideinthecourts.Ourdefinitionoflibertyisthatitisthebestpracticaladjustmentbetweenthepowersofthegovernmentandtheprivilegesoftheindividual.Ourcourtsarethebalancewheelsofourwholeconstitutionalsystems,andoursaretheonlyconstitutionalsystemssobalancedandcontrolled.   p    x    (     PresidentWoodrowWilson Juryserviceisoneofthehighestdutiesofcitizenship,forbyitthecitizenparticipatesintheadministrationofjusticebetweenmanandman,andbetweengovernmentandtheindividual.Thejurymansdutiesaredefinedbylawswhicharetheproductofsomecenturiesofexperience,anexperiencewhichhastaughtusthattheyareessentialtotheimpartialadministrationofjusticebyjurytrial.Unlessthejurorscrupulouslyobservesthem,heishimselfalawbreaker.Byhisneglect,hemayinsomeinstances,subjecthimselftoseverepenalties.Inall,hewillfailinhisdutyasacitizen,andinflictinjuryonhisfellowmenbecausethroughhisfailure,lawandjusticefallintheappointedtask.   p    x    (     HarlanF.Stone   p    x    (     LateChiefJustice   p    x    (     OftheUnitedStates$ $ $  !XXv  $ FFF$ #XvX! 0#$ $ 0$ $ % % PurposeofthisHandbook  ~ ZPThepurposeofthisinformationistoexplaintoyouinageneralway,themannerinwhichlawsuitsaretriedandthepartwhichyou,asajuror,willhavein_seeing_Ԁthatjusticeisdone.ZPN1 TheImportanceofJuryService .  ZPThejuryisanimportantpartofthecourtsystem.ZP2ZPInacountrywherethelife,libertyandpropertyofeach r ofusaresafeandsecure,itisnecessarythattherebecourtsofjusticeinwhichthedisputesthatarisebetweenpeople,canbesettledjustlyandpeaceably.Itisnecessarythatpersonschargedwithacrimebefairlyandjustlytried,thatthepublicsafetyandwelfareareprotectedontheonehand,andthattheprivaterightsandlibertiesaresafeguardedontheother.Thelawsaysthatbothapersonwhoisaccusedofacrimeandtheprosecutionhavetherighttoatrial,notbyoneperson,butbyajuryoftwelveimpartialpersons.Manycitizensarenevercalledtoserveasajuror.Youmayneverbecalledagain.Asacitizen,itisyourdutyandyourbusinesstoserveifitispossible,anditisyourbusinesstoupholdthelawsofyourcountry.Toserveasajurorisanhonor.Itisalsoaveryinterestingexperience.ZP2 SelectionofJury  (>&) ZPAtrialbeginswithjuryselection.Namesaredrawnfromthejurypanelpresent,usually6forcivilcases,and12forcriminaltrials.Duringjuryselection,questionswillbeaskedoftheprospectivejurorstouchingupontheirqualificationstoactasafairandimpartialjuror.Thisis_calledthevoirdire_.Youshouldanswerthesequestionsfairly,andifthereisanyreasonwhyyoufeelthatyoushouldnotserveasajuror,youshouldmakeitknown.Jurorsmustbeasfreeashumanlypossiblefrombias,prejudice,orsympathyforeitherside.Eachsideinatrialisentitledtojurorswhokeepopenmindsuntilthetimecomestodecidethecase.ZP6ZP   /-1 Duringjuryselectionyoumaybeexcusedfromservingonthejuryinoneoftwoways.First,thejudgemayexcuseyouforcause;_that_Ԁis,thejudgemaydecidethatthereisavalidreasonwhyyoucannot! ,! orshouldnot" ," serveinthatcase.Forexample,youmayknowoneofthepartiesorattorneys,oryoumayknowsomethingaboutthecase,andhaveformedanopinionaboutthecase,whichwouldpreventyoufrombeingfairandimpartial.Second,iscalledaperemptorychallenge.Theattorneyfromonesideortheothermayexcuseyouwithoutgivinganyreasonfordoingso.Thelawgiveseachsidetherighttoexcuseacertainnumberofjurorsinthisway.ZP9 UpholdingtheLaws   8  ZPTheoathtakenbyajudgeandjurorrequireeachofthemtoacceptandapplythelawasitis.Neitheroneisfreetodisregardthelawbecausehenorshethinksthatthelawmightbetterbeotherwise.Lawsaremade,repealedorchanged,bythosewhoareelectedtomakelaws.Judgesandjurorsdonotmakethelaws,theyonlyapplythem.Yourresponsibilityasjurorsistodecidewhatthefactsofthecaseare.ZP<ZPEachpartywillbringinevidenceandargumenttoprovehisorhersideofthecase.Judgesandjurorsmustbepatientandcarefulnottoformconclusionsuntiltheyhaveheardalloftheevidenceandarguments,andthejuryhasreceivedtheinstructionsofthecourtonthelaw.ZP> PowerandDutyofJudgeandJury  p ZPDuringthetrial,thejudgedecidesalldisputesaboutthelawandtherulesfortryingthecase.Attheclose,heorshewillinstructyouonthelawandtellyoutheprincipalquestionsyouaretodecide.Thecaseisthenturnedovertothejury.Thepowerandtheresponsibilitymovefromthebenchtothejuryroom.Thejurymustdecidewhatthefactsare.Theymustdecidewhattestimonytheywillbelieve.Ifitisadamagecause,theywillfixthe_amountofthedamages_,ifany,areawarded.Ifitisacriminalcase,theywilldecidewhetherthedefendantisguilty.ZP'@  CIVILJURYCASES      ThePartiesandPleadings    ZPApersonstartingalawsuitisknownastheplaintiff.Apersonagainstwhomsuitisbroughtiscalledadefendant.Suitiscommencedbyserviceofasummons.Theplaintiffsclaimanddemandarestatedinadeclaration,orbillofcomplaint.Thedefendantsansweriscalledananswer.Ifthedefendantclaimsfromtheplaintiff,suchclaimiscalledacounterclaim.Ifacounterclaimismade,theplaintiffsansweriscalledareply.Thesepapers,calledthepleadings,havebeenexchangedbetweenthepartiessometimebeforethetrialcommences.Ifapartyhasmorethanoneclaimagainsttheother,eachclaimmaybestatedasacauseofaction.ZP3C OathsofaJurorinCivilCase  $(%) ZPEachjurorisrequiredtotakeasolemnoath(ortoaffirm)thatheorshewill wellandtrulytrythematterinissueand_atrueverdictrender_Ԁaccordingtotheevidenceandthelaw.Whenyoutakethisoathyoubecomeajudgeofallquestionsoffactandaredutyboundtoactfairlyandimpartially.# Youarenolongerfreetoactuponyourfeelingsoremotions,butareboundtouseyourreasonandjudgment.# ZP-F OpeningStatements  ,h*. ZPTheplaintiffsattorneymaythenmakeashortopeningstatementtellingyouwhathisorherclient,theplaintiff,claims,andwilloutlinetheevidencebywhichheorsheexpectstoprovethisclaim.Thedefendantsattorney,beforeheorsheopenstheirsideofthecase,willmakeasimilarstatementastowhat /,-1 theirclientclaimsandtheevidenceexpectedtobeproduced.Youshouldrememberthatthesestatementsoftheattorneysarenotevidence,butonlyexplanationsofwhateachsideclaims,andthatclaimsmustbeprovenbyevidence.Theconflictingclaimsconstitutetheissues.ZPNH WitnessesandEvidence   ZPAnythingwhichtendstoproveordisproveaclaimaboutthefactsiscalledevidence.Evidencemaybesomethinginwriting,oritmaybeanarticlesuchasagun,aphoto,orthelike,whichiscalledanexhibit.Evidencemayalsobethestatementofaperson,whichiscalledtestimony.Ifawitnessisabsent,hisorhertestimonymayhavebeentakenbeforetrialandreducedtowriting.Suchtestimonyistakenunder_oath_Ԁandbothsideshavebeengivenachancetobepresent.Suchwrittentestimonyiscalledadeposition,andsuchtestimonyshouldbegiventhesameconsiderationasthoughitweregiveninyourpresence.Itmaybethatawitnesshasalreadytestifiedincourtunder_oath_Ԁandhistestimonyputontherecord,andthenputintotypewriting.Suchtestimonyiscalledatranscript.It,too,isentitledtothesameweightasthoughgiveninyourpresence.ZPK ExaminationofWitness  ,  ZPUnlessthecasecanbeprovedbywritings,theplaintiffwillcallwitnessestotestify.Thewitnessesaresworn(oraffirm)totellthetruth,thewholetruth,andnothingbutthetruth.Iftheattorneyhascalledhisclientorsomedisinterestedperson,thepersoncalledis hisorherwitness,butifheorshehascalledtheoppositeparty,thepersoncalledisreferredtoasanadversewitness.Anattorneywhohascalledhisorherownwitness,proceedswithdirectexamination.Insodoing,theattorneyasksquestionstobringoutthefactsheorshewishestoshow.Inanyimportantmatter,theattorneyisnotallowedto leadthewitnessbyaskingquestionsinsuchformastosuggesttheanswer.Thequestionaskedmustappeartohavesomebearingonthecase,andthewitnessshowntoknowwhatheorsheistalkingabout.Ifthese,andotherrulesarenotfollowed,theotherattorneymayproperlyobject,andif,foranyreason,thejudgethinksthequestionimproper,thejudgerulesthattheobjectionissustained,whichmeansthatthequestioncannotbeanswered.Ifthequestionisproper,theobjectionisoverruled,andtheanswerisgiven.Whenthedirectexaminationisfinished,theattorneyontheothersidemaycrossexamine,whichmeansthatheorshemayaskquestions.Sincethewitnessisnot hisorherwitness,thecrossexaminingattorneymayask leadingquestions.Whencrossexaminationisfinished,thefirstattorneymayaskquestionsonredirectexaminationtoclearuppointsdevelopedoncrossexamination.Tokeepoutimpropermatter,witnessesareallowedonlytoanswerthequestionsasked.Bothsidesmayaskquestionsandfindoutallheorsheknowsthatisproper.Ifthewitnessmakesastatementwhichisnotananswertoaquestion,itmaybestricken,thatis,youmustdisregarditentirely.ZPO HearingandSeeingWitness  #0!$ ZPEachjurorshouldpaycloseattentiontothewitnesswhoistestifying,bothtohearwhatthewitnesssays,andtowatchhismannerandactions.Ifyoucannothearplainly,donothesitatetointerruptandletthejudgeknowthatyoucannothear.ZPV RestingtheCase  $(%) ZPWhentheplaintiffhasputinallhisorherevidence,theyindicatetheyarethroughby restingtheircase.Whenthedefendantisthrough,heorshealso rests.ZP!X DefenseandRebuttal  +|)- ZPThedefendantcallshisorherwitnessesandoffershisorherevidencewhentheplaintifffirstrests.Thentheplaintiffmayofferevidenceinrebuttaltoexplainordenythedefendantsevidence.ZP(Y MotionDirectedtoStrikeVerdict  /,-1 _ZPWhenanattorneyrequestsacourttotakeaction,itisusuallydonebymakingamotion.Thus,theattorneymaymakeamotiontostrikeoutcertaintestimonybecauseitwasnotproperlyreceived.Ifthejudgeordersthattestimonybestrickenout,thejuryshoulddisregardthestrickentestimony.Atthecloseoftheplaintiffscase,oratthecloseofthedefendantscase,orattheendofalltheevidence,oneorbothsidesmayaskthecourtforadirectedverdict.Iftheundisputedfactsshowthateitheroneofthepartiesisentitledtojudgmentasamatteroflaw,thejudgedirectstheverdict,becausethereisnothingforthejurytodecide.Insuchacase,thejudgealoneisresponsible,andthejurymustdoasthejudgedirects.Oftenthejudgerefusestograntamotion.Thisdoesnotmeanthatthejudgethinkstheothersideisentitledtoaverdict.Itonlymeansthatthejuryoughttoconsiderthematter.ZPdZ JurorsConductDuringTrial  | $  ZPTherearecertainrulesthatajurorshouldfollowthroughoutthetrialinorderthathemaybefairtoallsides.ZPs^ZPTheseare:L <356789:;yy<356789:;L 3i   3is_23  0    Jurorsshouldnotinspectthescene:Itmaybethatthesuitinvolvessomeplaceorthing,suchas ,  thesceneofanaccident,theoperationoftrafficlights,orthelike.Ifitisthoughtnecessaryandproperthatthejuryshouldmakeaninspection,thejudgewillsendthejuryinabody,underthechargeofthebailiffs.Itwouldbeimproperforanyjurortomakeaninspectionunlessorderedbythecourt.Conditionsmayhavechanged.Anunauthorizedinspectionmightforcearetrialofthecase.3is__݌ T$T$ Ќ   3i   3i-b23  0    Jurorsshouldnotdiscussthecasewithothers:Duringthetrial,jurorsshouldnottalkaboutthecase H witheachother,withotherpersons,orallowotherpeopletotalkaboutitintheirpresence.Ifanyoneshouldinsistupontalkingaboutthecasetoyou,tellthemthatyouareonthejuryandmustnotlistentothem.Iftheyinsist,thenlearnhisorhernameifyoucan,andreportthemattertothejudgeatthefirstopportunity.Donottalkwithparties,witnessesorattorneysduringatrial.ZP _ZP3i-bXb݌ T$T$ Ќ   3i   3ie23  0    Jurorsshouldnotlistentoradioorreadnewspaperaccounts:Inorderthatthemindofeachjuror ( bekeptopenuntilalltheevidence,argument,andtheinstructionsofthecourthavebeenheard,jurorsoughtnottolistentoradioaccountsofthetrialorreadarticlesaboutitwhichmayappearinnewspapersduringthetrial.3ie